U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics U.S. Bureau of Labor StatisticsThese national industry-specific occupational employment and wage estimates are calculated with data collected from employers of all sizes, in metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas in every State and the District of Columbia, in SIC Major Group 83 - Social Services.
SIC Major Group 83 - Social Services consists of:
Links to other industry-specific estimates and cross-industry estimates
SOC Major Groups in in SIC 83 - Social Services:
Click on the SOC code number to view that occupation's definition and national cross-industry estimates.
| Industry Total top | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 00-0000 | Industry Total | 2,726,020 | 100.00% | $9.02 | $10.90 | $22,670 | 0.5 % |
| Management Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Management Occupations | 254,810 | 9.35% | $18.08 | $20.67 | $42,990 | 0.8 % | |
| Chief Executives | 13,980 | 0.51% | $33.45 | $36.05 | $74,990 | 1.5 % | |
| General and Operations Managers | 69,560 | 2.55% | $19.96 | $22.33 | $46,440 | 1.7 % | |
| Advertising and Promotions Managers | 3,660 | 0.13% | $16.47 | $18.88 | $39,270 | 1.9 % | |
| Marketing Managers | 1,840 | 0.07% | $18.57 | $20.58 | $42,800 | 2.5 % | |
| Sales Managers | 280 | 0.01% | $23.86 | $26.08 | $54,250 | 8.3 % | |
| Public Relations Managers | 6,220 | 0.23% | $20.08 | $21.71 | $45,160 | 1.8 % | |
| Administrative Services Managers | 23,430 | 0.86% | $13.96 | $15.52 | $32,290 | 2.1 % | |
| Computer and Information Systems Managers | 2,250 | 0.08% | $22.23 | $25.09 | $52,190 | 3.0 % | |
| Financial Managers | 15,250 | 0.56% | $22.00 | $23.38 | $48,630 | 1.6 % | |
| Human Resources Managers (3) | 8,650 | 0.32% | $18.36 | $19.67 | $40,910 | 1.5 % | |
| Industrial Production Managers (3) | 140 | 0.01% | $17.52 | $19.29 | $40,120 | 3.3 % | |
| Purchasing Managers (3) | 750 | 0.03% | $17.57 | $18.95 | $39,410 | 1.2 % | |
| Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers | 120 | 0.00% | $16.18 | $18.49 | $38,460 | 5.9 % | |
| Construction Managers | 130 | 0.00% | $20.48 | $23.81 | $49,530 | 14.4 % | |
| Education Administrators, Preschool and Child Care Center/Program | 21,170 | 0.78% | $13.57 | $16.36 | $34,030 | 4.2 % | |
| Education Administrators, Elementary and Secondary School | 370 | 0.01% | (2) | (2) | $42,270 | 5.4 % | |
| Education Administrators, Postsecondary | 90 | 0.00% | $16.41 | $18.93 | $39,370 | 9.8 % | |
| Food Service Managers | 6,310 | 0.23% | $11.14 | $12.24 | $25,450 | 4.2 % | |
| Lodging Managers | 860 | 0.03% | $12.23 | $12.48 | $25,950 | 6.3 % | |
| Medical and Health Services Managers | 14,920 | 0.55% | $18.64 | $20.88 | $43,430 | 2.7 % | |
| Natural Sciences Managers | 130 | 0.00% | $19.72 | $22.53 | $46,850 | 12.1 % | |
| Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers | 730 | 0.03% | $14.95 | $15.67 | $32,600 | 5.3 % | |
| Social and Community Service Managers | 35,510 | 1.30% | $16.56 | $18.04 | $37,520 | 0.9 % | |
| Business and Financial Operations Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Business and Financial Operations Occupations | 56,950 | 2.09% | $14.45 | $15.65 | $32,550 | 1.2 % | |
| Purchasing Agents and Buyers, Farm Products | (5) | (5) | $15.19 | $14.99 | $31,180 | 3.3 % | |
| Wholesale and Retail Buyers, Except Farm Products (3) | 60 | 0.00% | $13.18 | $12.92 | $26,880 | 4.3 % | |
| Purchasing Agents, Except Wholesale, Retail, and Farm Products (3) | 990 | 0.04% | $13.69 | $14.45 | $30,050 | 1.4 % | |
| Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators | (5) | (5) | $14.78 | $16.58 | $34,480 | 14.1 % | |
| Compliance Officers, Except Agriculture, Construction, Health and Safety, and Transportation | 810 | 0.03% | $17.43 | $20.53 | $42,700 | 11.3 % | |
| Emergency Management Specialists | 1,250 | 0.05% | $14.88 | $15.71 | $32,680 | 4.7 % | |
| Employment, Recruitment, and Placement Specialists | 11,720 | 0.43% | $12.59 | $13.26 | $27,570 | 1.3 % | |
| Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists | 400 | 0.01% | $15.88 | $16.88 | $35,100 | 3.8 % | |
| Training and Development Specialists | 10,790 | 0.40% | $12.51 | $13.80 | $28,710 | 2.5 % | |
| Management Analysts | 740 | 0.03% | $17.63 | $19.63 | $40,830 | 5.8 % | |
| Meeting and Convention Planners | 970 | 0.04% | $15.54 | $16.55 | $34,410 | 2.9 % | |
| Accountants and Auditors (3) | 11,250 | 0.41% | $16.44 | $17.56 | $36,520 | 0.8 % | |
| Budget Analysts (3) | 650 | 0.02% | $17.13 | $18.65 | $38,800 | 1.6 % | |
| Financial Analysts | 240 | 0.01% | $16.54 | $18.68 | $38,850 | 6.1 % | |
| Personal Financial Advisors | 260 | 0.01% | $14.54 | $15.18 | $31,570 | 8.0 % | |
| Loan Counselors | 150 | 0.01% | $13.31 | $14.28 | $29,710 | 9.7 % | |
| Loan Officers | 570 | 0.02% | $20.92 | $24.03 | $49,990 | 5.3 % | |
| Computer and Mathematical Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Computer and Mathematical Occupations | 10,910 | 0.40% | $15.98 | $18.01 | $37,450 | 2.0 % | |
| Computer Programmers (3) | 1,810 | 0.07% | $17.36 | $18.85 | $39,210 | 1.6 % | |
| Computer Software Engineers, Applications | 340 | 0.01% | $24.61 | $24.33 | $50,600 | 4.3 % | |
| Computer Support Specialists | 2,600 | 0.10% | $13.70 | $14.87 | $30,940 | 2.1 % | |
| Computer Systems Analysts | 280 | 0.01% | $21.87 | $21.20 | $44,100 | 6.0 % | |
| Database Administrators (3) | 2,850 | 0.10% | $16.33 | $17.96 | $37,370 | 1.3 % | |
| Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 1,800 | 0.07% | $18.89 | $20.20 | $42,010 | 3.1 % | |
| Network Systems and Data Communications Analysts | 210 | 0.01% | $20.85 | $22.26 | $46,300 | 5.6 % | |
| Operations Research Analysts | 70 | 0.00% | $20.22 | $21.31 | $44,320 | 6.8 % | |
| Statisticians (3) | 150 | 0.01% | $15.60 | $18.12 | $37,690 | 4.8 % | |
| Architecture and Engineering Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Architecture and Engineering Occupations | 310 | 0.01% | $16.10 | $17.98 | $37,390 | 7.2 % | |
| Environmental Engineers | (5) | (5) | $15.26 | $16.72 | $34,780 | 10.2 % | |
| Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations | 16,240 | 0.60% | $16.96 | $19.67 | $40,920 | 1.9 % | |
| Biochemists and Biophysicists | (5) | (5) | $13.94 | $13.80 | $28,710 | 3.4 % | |
| Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health | 80 | 0.00% | $16.42 | $22.08 | $45,930 | 25.3 % | |
| Economists | 160 | 0.01% | $23.43 | $27.17 | $56,510 | 13.5 % | |
| Market Research Analysts | (5) | (5) | $17.72 | $20.02 | $41,650 | 2.4 % | |
| Survey Researchers | 140 | 0.01% | $14.19 | $14.97 | $31,140 | 6.6 % | |
| Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychologists | 13,340 | 0.49% | $17.10 | $19.71 | $41,000 | 2.1 % | |
| Sociologists | (5) | (5) | $15.26 | $15.87 | $33,020 | 3.8 % | |
| Urban and Regional Planners (3) | 150 | 0.01% | $17.73 | $19.18 | $39,900 | 5.7 % | |
| Environmental Science and Protection Technicians, Including Health | (5) | (5) | $19.04 | $18.23 | $37,930 | 6.9 % | |
| Community and Social Services Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Community and Social Services Occupations | 459,540 | 16.86% | $11.17 | $11.94 | $24,830 | 0.6 % | |
| Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselors | 27,400 | 1.01% | $11.85 | $12.37 | $25,730 | 1.5 % | |
| Educational, Vocational, and School Counselors (3) | 23,190 | 0.85% | $11.54 | $12.95 | $26,940 | 1.2 % | |
| Marriage and Family Therapists | 9,790 | 0.36% | $15.48 | $16.56 | $34,440 | 2.3 % | |
| Mental Health Counselors | 27,400 | 1.01% | $11.68 | $12.46 | $25,910 | 1.9 % | |
| Rehabilitation Counselors | 59,170 | 2.17% | $10.05 | $11.12 | $23,130 | 1.8 % | |
| Child, Family, and School Social Workers | 91,710 | 3.36% | $12.43 | $12.92 | $26,870 | 1.1 % | |
| Medical and Public Health Social Workers | 19,000 | 0.70% | $13.58 | $14.21 | $29,560 | 2.2 % | |
| Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers | 22,140 | 0.81% | $13.03 | $13.91 | $28,930 | 1.7 % | |
| Health Educators | 10,420 | 0.38% | $12.51 | $13.92 | $28,950 | 3.3 % | |
| Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists | 920 | 0.03% | $10.10 | $10.47 | $21,780 | 4.6 % | |
| Social and Human Service Assistants | 128,700 | 4.72% | $9.65 | $9.94 | $20,670 | 0.8 % | |
| Clergy (3) | 1,380 | 0.05% | $14.49 | $14.97 | $31,150 | 4.3 % | |
| Directors, Religious Activities and Education (3) | (5) | (5) | $12.77 | $13.97 | $29,060 | 3.4 % | |
| Legal Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Legal Occupations | 3,040 | 0.11% | $16.59 | $18.80 | $39,110 | 5.0 % | |
| Lawyers | 1,400 | 0.05% | $22.67 | $25.89 | $53,860 | 5.7 % | |
| Paralegals and Legal Assistants | 790 | 0.03% | $12.28 | $12.96 | $26,960 | 5.2 % | |
| Law Clerks (3) | (5) | (5) | $9.56 | $10.74 | $22,340 | 14.9 % | |
| Education, Training, and Library Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Education, Training, and Library Occupations | 468,290 | 17.18% | $8.07 | $9.06 | $18,840 | 1.1 % | |
| Nursing Instructors and Teachers, Postsecondary (3) | 50 | 0.00% | (2) | (2) | $36,550 | 6.3 % | |
| Art, Drama, and Music Teachers, Postsecondary (3) | ***,***,*** | ***.**% | (2) | (2) | $35,550 | 5.8 % | |
| Recreation and Fitness Studies Teachers, Postsecondary | ***,***,*** | ***.**% | (2) | (2) | $23,190 | 13.7 % | |
| Vocational Education Teachers, Postsecondary | 3,360 | 0.12% | $13.96 | $14.94 | $31,080 | 5.9 % | |
| Preschool Teachers, Except Special Education (3) | 265,120 | 9.73% | $8.08 | $8.62 | $17,920 | 0.6 % | |
| Kindergarten Teachers, Except Special Education (3) | 9,700 | 0.36% | (2) | (2) | $20,230 | 1.6 % | |
| Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education (3) | 7,340 | 0.27% | (2) | (2) | $24,730 | 2.4 % | |
| Middle School Teachers, Except Special and Vocational Education | 370 | 0.01% | (2) | (2) | $36,440 | 6.1 % | |
| Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Vocational Education | 670 | 0.02% | (2) | (2) | $31,220 | 7.6 % | |
| Vocational Education Teachers, Secondary School | 1,230 | 0.05% | (2) | (2) | $39,290 | 10.6 % | |
| Special Education Teachers, Preschool, Kindergarten, and Elementary School | 3,130 | 0.11% | (2) | (2) | $28,470 | 11.6 % | |
| Special Education Teachers, Middle School | 90 | 0.00% | (2) | (2) | $28,030 | 6.1 % | |
| Special Education Teachers, Secondary School | 680 | 0.02% | (2) | (2) | $36,630 | 8.5 % | |
| Adult Literacy, Remedial Education, and Ged Teachers and Instructors | 8,520 | 0.31% | $13.35 | $14.09 | $29,310 | 2.8 % | |
| Self-Enrichment Education Teachers | 14,190 | 0.52% | $11.06 | $12.30 | $25,580 | 3.3 % | |
| Archivists, Curators, and Museum Technicians (3) | (5) | (5) | $13.48 | $15.38 | $32,000 | 4.6 % | |
| Librarians (3) | 410 | 0.02% | $15.31 | $15.82 | $32,900 | 2.2 % | |
| Library Technicians | 270 | 0.01% | $9.87 | $10.86 | $22,580 | 7.5 % | |
| Instructional Coordinators | 6,080 | 0.22% | $13.21 | $13.89 | $28,890 | 2.9 % | |
| Teacher Assistants (3) | 118,580 | 4.35% | (2) | (2) | $15,550 | 0.6 % | |
| Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations | 9,860 | 0.36% | $14.59 | $15.34 | $31,910 | 2.0 % | |
| Graphic Designers | 100 | 0.00% | $14.83 | $14.81 | $30,810 | 6.0 % | |
| Coaches and Scouts | ***,***,*** | ***.**% | (2) | (2) | $17,600 | 8.9 % | |
| Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials | ***,***,*** | ***.**% | (2) | (2) | $17,930 | 5.7 % | |
| Musicians and Singers | ***,***,*** | ***.**% | (2) | (2) | $27,630 | 19.2 % | |
| Public Relations Specialists (3) | 5,870 | 0.22% | $14.47 | $15.59 | $32,420 | 1.1 % | |
| Editors | 700 | 0.03% | $15.98 | $18.32 | $38,100 | 6.2 % | |
| Writers and Authors | 510 | 0.02% | $13.56 | $15.39 | $32,020 | 7.1 % | |
| Interpreters and Translators | 1,010 | 0.04% | $14.07 | $14.06 | $29,230 | 6.6 % | |
| Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations | 89,130 | 3.27% | $15.52 | $17.27 | $35,920 | 1.3 % | |
| Dentists | 200 | 0.01% | $42.95 | $45.38 | $94,390 | 21.7 % | |
| Dietitians and Nutritionists (3) | 2,400 | 0.09% | $13.62 | $15.17 | $31,550 | 2.6 % | |
| Optometrists | 50 | 0.00% | $48.64 | $47.66 | $99,130 | 26.4 % | |
| Pharmacists (3) | (5) | (5) | $28.72 | $27.73 | $57,690 | 2.0 % | |
| Family and General Practitioners | 650 | 0.02% | $56.36 | $55.40 | $115,230 | 13.8 % | |
| Internists, General | 150 | 0.01% | $61.64 | $53.75 | $111,800 | 21.0 % | |
| Obstetricians and Gynecologists | (5) | (5) | $33.27 | $43.56 | $90,600 | 22.6 % | |
| Pediatricians, General | (5) | (5) | $49.43 | $48.13 | $100,110 | 3.7 % | |
| Psychiatrists | 1,580 | 0.06% | $63.06 | $54.83 | $114,050 | 5.5 % | |
| Physician Assistants (3) | 260 | 0.01% | $22.13 | $21.90 | $45,560 | 5.5 % | |
| Registered Nurses (3) | 32,660 | 1.20% | $18.03 | $18.42 | $38,310 | 0.4 % | |
| Audiologists | (5) | (5) | $24.55 | $23.91 | $49,740 | 4.9 % | |
| Occupational Therapists (3) | 4,170 | 0.15% | $19.86 | $21.16 | $44,020 | 1.7 % | |
| Physical Therapists (3) | 2,110 | 0.08% | $24.00 | $24.62 | $51,200 | 4.2 % | |
| Recreational Therapists (3) | 3,430 | 0.13% | $11.52 | $12.86 | $26,740 | 3.4 % | |
| Respiratory Therapists (3) | 240 | 0.01% | $15.07 | $15.38 | $32,000 | 4.2 % | |
| Speech-Language Pathologists | 2,960 | 0.11% | $23.20 | $23.79 | $49,490 | 2.3 % | |
| Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists (3) | 80 | 0.00% | $18.76 | $17.62 | $36,650 | 5.8 % | |
| Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians (3) | 1,060 | 0.04% | $9.97 | $10.75 | $22,350 | 4.6 % | |
| Dental Hygienists (3) | 110 | 0.00% | $18.52 | $19.22 | $39,970 | 3.4 % | |
| Radiologic Technologists and Technicians | (5) | (5) | $15.25 | $15.16 | $31,530 | 2.6 % | |
| Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics (3) | 210 | 0.01% | $10.12 | $11.40 | $23,710 | 3.8 % | |
| Dietetic Technicians (3) | 1,170 | 0.04% | $8.27 | $8.97 | $18,650 | 1.7 % | |
| Pharmacy Technicians (3) | 90 | 0.00% | $10.50 | $10.69 | $22,220 | 5.4 % | |
| Psychiatric Technicians (3) | 2,400 | 0.09% | $8.69 | $9.27 | $19,290 | 1.9 % | |
| Respiratory Therapy Technicians | (5) | (5) | $7.00 | $6.89 | $14,330 | 4.9 % | |
| Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses (3) | 23,890 | 0.88% | $13.16 | $13.60 | $28,290 | 0.8 % | |
| Medical Records and Health Information Technicians | 2,780 | 0.10% | $9.73 | $10.22 | $21,250 | 2.4 % | |
| Opticians, Dispensing (3) | (5) | (5) | $11.17 | $12.51 | $26,010 | 10.5 % | |
| Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians | 230 | 0.01% | $17.89 | $16.49 | $34,300 | 6.8 % | |
| Healthcare Support Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Healthcare Support Occupations | 300,860 | 11.04% | $7.76 | $7.95 | $16,530 | 0.7 % | |
| Home Health Aides (3) | 212,750 | 7.80% | $7.68 | $7.84 | $16,310 | 0.6 % | |
| Nursing Aides, Orderlies, and Attendants (3) | 69,250 | 2.54% | $7.66 | $7.76 | $16,140 | 0.5 % | |
| Psychiatric Aides (3) | 4,890 | 0.18% | $8.82 | $8.99 | $18,700 | 1.8 % | |
| Occupational Therapist Assistants | 910 | 0.03% | $13.00 | $12.30 | $25,580 | 6.9 % | |
| Occupational Therapist Aides | 1,010 | 0.04% | $7.52 | $8.11 | $16,880 | 9.5 % | |
| Physical Therapist Assistants | 540 | 0.02% | $15.42 | $15.48 | $32,200 | 3.0 % | |
| Physical Therapist Aides | 420 | 0.02% | $9.49 | $10.25 | $21,330 | 4.0 % | |
| Massage Therapists | 60 | 0.00% | $16.60 | $18.89 | $39,280 | 11.9 % | |
| Dental Assistants (3) | 140 | 0.01% | $11.08 | $11.10 | $23,090 | 2.8 % | |
| Medical Assistants | 2,040 | 0.07% | $9.77 | $9.96 | $20,720 | 3.6 % | |
| Medical Equipment Preparers | (5) | (5) | $6.64 | $8.25 | $17,160 | 17.8 % | |
| Medical Transcriptionists | 320 | 0.01% | $9.96 | $10.08 | $20,970 | 2.6 % | |
| Protective Service Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Protective Service Occupations | 14,100 | 0.52% | $8.41 | $8.97 | $18,650 | 1.7 % | |
| First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Correctional Officers | 170 | 0.01% | $11.88 | $12.19 | $25,360 | 2.1 % | |
| Correctional Officers and Jailers (3) | 1,390 | 0.05% | $7.91 | $8.06 | $16,760 | 4.4 % | |
| Security Guards (3) | 10,050 | 0.37% | $8.23 | $8.59 | $17,880 | 1.2 % | |
| Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations | 109,960 | 4.03% | $7.24 | $7.70 | $16,010 | 0.7 % | |
| Chefs and Head Cooks | 520 | 0.02% | $9.43 | $11.00 | $22,880 | 5.0 % | |
| First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Food Preparation and Serving Workers | 8,260 | 0.30% | $10.17 | $10.47 | $21,780 | 2.1 % | |
| Cooks, Fast Food (3) | (5) | (5) | $9.68 | $9.52 | $19,800 | 8.4 % | |
| Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria (3) | 42,830 | 1.57% | $7.58 | $7.89 | $16,420 | 0.5 % | |
| Cooks, Restaurant (3) | 240 | 0.01% | $9.04 | $9.30 | $19,350 | 1.1 % | |
| Cooks, Short Order (3) | 840 | 0.03% | $8.09 | $8.24 | $17,140 | 2.4 % | |
| Food Preparation Workers | 19,790 | 0.73% | $6.74 | $7.06 | $14,690 | 1.5 % | |
| Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers, Including Fast Food (3) | 2,580 | 0.09% | $6.81 | $6.97 | $14,500 | 1.6 % | |
| Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee Shop (3) | 2,220 | 0.08% | $7.05 | $7.87 | $16,360 | 4.9 % | |
| Waiters and Waitresses (3) | 5,580 | 0.20% | $6.60 | $6.88 | $14,320 | 1.2 % | |
| Food Servers, Nonrestaurant (3) | 9,820 | 0.36% | $6.83 | $7.25 | $15,080 | 2.3 % | |
| Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers (3) | 4,810 | 0.18% | $6.78 | $7.02 | $14,600 | 0.8 % | |
| Dishwashers | 9,270 | 0.34% | $6.49 | $6.86 | $14,270 | 2.9 % | |
| Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop (3) | 290 | 0.01% | $7.78 | $8.01 | $16,670 | 1.3 % | |
| Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations | 85,540 | 3.14% | $7.41 | $8.02 | $16,690 | 0.7 % | |
| First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers (3) | 7,220 | 0.26% | $10.08 | $10.80 | $22,460 | 1.0 % | |
| First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers | 1,820 | 0.07% | $10.93 | $12.22 | $25,420 | 6.2 % | |
| Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners (3) | 37,970 | 1.39% | $7.13 | $7.57 | $15,740 | 0.5 % | |
| Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners (3) | 29,350 | 1.08% | $7.09 | $7.25 | $15,070 | 0.5 % | |
| Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers | 6,080 | 0.22% | $7.34 | $8.22 | $17,110 | 3.1 % | |
| Personal Care and Service Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Personal Care and Service Occupations | 449,880 | 16.50% | $7.51 | $7.89 | $16,410 | 0.7 % | |
| Gaming Supervisors | 150 | 0.01% | $7.11 | $8.46 | $17,590 | 12.3 % | |
| First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Personal Service Workers | 15,420 | 0.57% | $11.98 | $12.72 | $26,460 | 2.5 % | |
| Nonfarm Animal Caretakers | 340 | 0.01% | $8.31 | $10.71 | $22,280 | 12.4 % | |
| Gaming and Sports Book Writers and Runners | 240 | 0.01% | $7.97 | $8.25 | $17,170 | 7.0 % | |
| Amusement and Recreation Attendants | 780 | 0.03% | $6.73 | $7.21 | $14,990 | 4.7 % | |
| Hairdressers, Hairstylists, and Cosmetologists | 100 | 0.00% | $9.33 | $9.65 | $20,070 | 7.1 % | |
| Concierges | 160 | 0.01% | $7.62 | $7.62 | $15,860 | 4.5 % | |
| Transportation Attendants, Except Flight Attendants and Baggage Porters (3) | (5) | (5) | $6.07 | $6.45 | $13,420 | 2.6 % | |
| Child Care Workers (3) | 199,160 | 7.31% | $6.78 | $7.19 | $14,960 | 0.5 % | |
| Personal and Home Care Aides (3) | 169,870 | 6.23% | $7.61 | $7.84 | $16,310 | 0.7 % | |
| Fitness Trainers and Aerobics Instructors | 1,120 | 0.04% | $8.26 | $10.38 | $21,580 | 7.7 % | |
| Recreation Workers | 26,960 | 0.99% | $8.03 | $8.66 | $18,020 | 1.8 % | |
| Residential Advisors | 20,820 | 0.76% | $8.74 | $9.30 | $19,350 | 1.8 % | |
| Sales and Related Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Sales and Related Occupations | 20,710 | 0.76% | $7.35 | $9.03 | $18,790 | 2.2 % | |
| First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Retail Sales Workers | 1,570 | 0.06% | $10.51 | $12.12 | $25,210 | 3.2 % | |
| First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Non-Retail Sales Workers | 200 | 0.01% | $13.73 | $16.97 | $35,300 | 11.5 % | |
| Cashiers (3) | 7,310 | 0.27% | $6.60 | $7.18 | $14,930 | 2.3 % | |
| Counter and Rental Clerks (3) | (5) | (5) | $6.38 | $7.39 | $15,370 | 7.0 % | |
| Retail Salespersons (3) | 2,140 | 0.08% | $6.50 | $7.09 | $14,740 | 2.6 % | |
| Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products (3) | (5) | (5) | $15.95 | $17.37 | $36,120 | 6.0 % | |
| Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products (3) | 180 | 0.01% | $18.75 | $19.38 | $40,300 | 3.3 % | |
| Real Estate Sales Agents (3) | (5) | (5) | $12.51 | $13.19 | $27,440 | 16.0 % | |
| Telemarketers | 3,570 | 0.13% | $7.47 | $8.09 | $16,840 | 3.5 % | |
| Door-To-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors, and Related Workers | 270 | 0.01% | $11.77 | $12.55 | $26,100 | 12.1 % | |
| Office and Administrative Support Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Office and Administrative Support Occupations | 260,800 | 9.57% | $10.11 | $10.76 | $22,370 | 0.6 % | |
| First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Office and Administrative Support Workers (3) | 19,610 | 0.72% | $13.27 | $14.01 | $29,140 | 0.6 % | |
| Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service (3) | 4,180 | 0.15% | $8.61 | $8.95 | $18,620 | 1.0 % | |
| Bill and Account Collectors (3) | 1,200 | 0.04% | $12.01 | $13.51 | $28,090 | 4.4 % | |
| Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators (3) | 5,090 | 0.19% | $10.60 | $10.94 | $22,760 | 0.7 % | |
| Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks (3) | 30,430 | 1.12% | $11.07 | $11.41 | $23,730 | 0.5 % | |
| Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks (3) | 3,450 | 0.13% | $11.27 | $11.59 | $24,110 | 0.5 % | |
| Procurement Clerks (3) | 470 | 0.02% | $10.91 | $10.97 | $22,810 | 2.3 % | |
| Customer Service Representatives | 4,040 | 0.15% | $9.63 | $10.50 | $21,840 | 3.2 % | |
| Eligibility Interviewers, Government Programs | 2,640 | 0.10% | $11.16 | $11.49 | $23,900 | 2.2 % | |
| File Clerks (3) | 2,480 | 0.09% | $8.09 | $8.41 | $17,480 | 1.2 % | |
| Interviewers, Except Eligibility and Loan (3) | 2,960 | 0.11% | $10.06 | $10.87 | $22,600 | 3.0 % | |
| Loan Interviewers and Clerks | 190 | 0.01% | $10.23 | $11.66 | $24,250 | 10.8 % | |
| Order Clerks | 800 | 0.03% | $9.66 | $10.30 | $21,420 | 5.5 % | |
| Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping (3) | 4,150 | 0.15% | $11.31 | $11.55 | $24,020 | 1.0 % | |
| Receptionists and Information Clerks (3) | 28,260 | 1.04% | $8.26 | $8.56 | $17,800 | 0.5 % | |
| Couriers and Messengers (3) | 620 | 0.02% | $7.99 | $8.21 | $17,070 | 1.5 % | |
| Dispatchers, Except Police, Fire, and Ambulance (3) | 720 | 0.03% | $9.54 | $9.84 | $20,460 | 1.4 % | |
| Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks (3) | 590 | 0.02% | $10.36 | $10.42 | $21,670 | 5.2 % | |
| Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks (3) | 1,990 | 0.07% | $8.09 | $8.44 | $17,560 | 3.1 % | |
| Stock Clerks and Order Fillers (3) | 4,360 | 0.16% | $7.96 | $8.59 | $17,870 | 2.0 % | |
| Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping (3) | 150 | 0.01% | $6.66 | $7.63 | $15,860 | 9.2 % | |
| Executive Secretaries and Administrative Assistants | 40,990 | 1.50% | $12.11 | $12.72 | $26,450 | 1.0 % | |
| Legal Secretaries (3) | (5) | (5) | $12.16 | $14.37 | $29,900 | 13.3 % | |
| Medical Secretaries (3) | 1,780 | 0.07% | $10.29 | $10.55 | $21,950 | 1.7 % | |
| Secretaries, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive | 34,940 | 1.28% | $9.79 | $10.04 | $20,880 | 0.8 % | |
| Computer Operators (3) | 640 | 0.02% | $10.96 | $11.27 | $23,440 | 1.7 % | |
| Data Entry Keyers (3) | 3,820 | 0.14% | $9.53 | $9.81 | $20,410 | 1.6 % | |
| Word Processors and Typists (3) | 3,240 | 0.12% | $9.27 | $9.62 | $20,010 | 1.3 % | |
| Desktop Publishers | 60 | 0.00% | $12.22 | $12.20 | $25,380 | 3.4 % | |
| Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, Except Postal Service (3) | 1,900 | 0.07% | $8.32 | $8.53 | $17,750 | 2.1 % | |
| Office Clerks, General | 45,950 | 1.69% | $8.50 | $8.65 | $18,000 | 0.9 % | |
| Office Machine Operators, Except Computer (3) | 470 | 0.02% | $8.17 | $8.94 | $18,590 | 3.7 % | |
| Statistical Assistants (3) | 90 | 0.00% | $9.98 | $10.54 | $21,930 | 2.6 % | |
| Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations | 180 | 0.01% | $8.33 | $9.28 | $19,310 | 7.9 % | |
| Construction and Extraction Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Construction and Extraction Occupations | 2,440 | 0.09% | $10.21 | $11.17 | $23,230 | 2.8 % | |
| First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers | 210 | 0.01% | $16.84 | $17.56 | $36,520 | 5.0 % | |
| Carpenters | 820 | 0.03% | $9.39 | $9.92 | $20,630 | 5.5 % | |
| Construction Laborers | 280 | 0.01% | $9.09 | $9.11 | $18,950 | 6.1 % | |
| Electricians | 160 | 0.01% | $13.10 | $13.55 | $28,190 | 3.9 % | |
| Insulation Workers (3) | 80 | 0.00% | $9.82 | $9.73 | $20,240 | 6.9 % | |
| Painters, Construction and Maintenance | 110 | 0.00% | $9.91 | $10.48 | $21,790 | 6.2 % | |
| Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters (3) | 100 | 0.00% | $14.55 | $15.70 | $32,650 | 3.2 % | |
| Construction and Building Inspectors (3) | 50 | 0.00% | $12.55 | $13.66 | $28,400 | 8.2 % | |
| Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations | 21,970 | 0.81% | $9.96 | $10.60 | $22,050 | 0.8 % | |
| First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers | 1,030 | 0.04% | $16.95 | $16.89 | $35,130 | 2.6 % | |
| Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics (3) | 100 | 0.00% | $10.25 | $11.64 | $24,210 | 4.0 % | |
| Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists (3) | 70 | 0.00% | $12.59 | $13.31 | $27,680 | 4.9 % | |
| Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers (3) | 120 | 0.00% | $14.63 | $14.40 | $29,960 | 3.4 % | |
| Industrial Machinery Mechanics | (5) | (5) | $11.06 | $10.48 | $21,800 | 4.7 % | |
| Maintenance and Repair Workers, General (3) | 19,550 | 0.72% | $9.87 | $10.24 | $21,310 | 0.6 % | |
| Maintenance Workers, Machinery (3) | 50 | 0.00% | $13.24 | $13.20 | $27,450 | 2.5 % | |
| Helpers—Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers (3) | 180 | 0.01% | $7.52 | $8.42 | $17,520 | 5.8 % | |
| Production Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Production Occupations | 24,490 | 0.90% | $6.50 | $7.40 | $15,400 | 1.9 % | |
| First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Production and Operating Workers | 2,570 | 0.09% | $9.93 | $11.10 | $23,080 | 3.6 % | |
| Team Assemblers | 2,540 | 0.09% | $7.17 | $7.76 | $16,140 | 6.9 % | |
| Printing Machine Operators (3) | (5) | (5) | $11.49 | $10.77 | $22,390 | 4.7 % | |
| Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers | 3,590 | 0.13% | $7.04 | $7.35 | $15,290 | 1.8 % | |
| Pressers, Textile, Garment, and Related Materials (3) | 120 | 0.00% | $6.34 | $6.74 | $14,010 | 6.7 % | |
| Sewing Machine Operators (3) | 170 | 0.01% | $7.39 | $7.31 | $15,210 | 3.3 % | |
| Cabinetmakers and Bench Carpenters | (5) | (5) | $7.59 | $7.47 | $15,530 | 3.9 % | |
| Stationary Engineers and Boiler Operators | 140 | 0.01% | $13.62 | $14.35 | $29,850 | 5.5 % | |
| Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers (3) | 790 | 0.03% | $8.44 | $9.58 | $19,920 | 3.2 % | |
| Helpers—Production Workers | (5) | (5) | $6.09 | $6.02 | $12,520 | 5.2 % | |
| Transportation and Material Moving Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| Transportation and Material Moving Occupations | 66,010 | 2.42% | $7.31 | $7.88 | $16,380 | 0.9 % | |
| First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 740 | 0.03% | $10.36 | $11.73 | $24,400 | 7.0 % | |
| First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Transportation and Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators | 1,660 | 0.06% | $12.02 | $12.65 | $26,310 | 2.8 % | |
| Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians (3) | 400 | 0.01% | $7.46 | $7.46 | $15,530 | 3.1 % | |
| Bus Drivers, Transit and Intercity (3) | 3,840 | 0.14% | $7.48 | $7.74 | $16,110 | 0.9 % | |
| Bus Drivers, School (3) | 17,980 | 0.66% | $7.78 | $8.05 | $16,740 | 0.8 % | |
| Driver/Sales Workers (3) | 860 | 0.03% | $7.37 | $7.80 | $16,230 | 2.3 % | |
| Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-Trailer | 340 | 0.01% | $12.46 | $12.03 | $25,020 | 5.1 % | |
| Truck Drivers, Light Or Delivery Services | 9,020 | 0.33% | $8.06 | $8.39 | $17,450 | 1.7 % | |
| Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs (3) | 7,610 | 0.28% | $7.45 | $7.74 | $16,100 | 2.0 % | |
| Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators (3) | 310 | 0.01% | $8.35 | $8.83 | $18,360 | 2.9 % | |
| Cleaners of Vehicles and Equipment (3) | 90 | 0.00% | $6.20 | $6.68 | $13,890 | 6.1 % | |
| Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand | 14,660 | 0.54% | $6.50 | $7.02 | $14,600 | 2.1 % | |
| Packers and Packagers, Hand (3) | 3,040 | 0.11% | $6.29 | $6.47 | $13,450 | 2.3 % | |
About 1999 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
Estimates for residual, "All Other", occupations are not available.
(1) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(2) = Hourly wage rates for occupations where workers typically work fewer than 2,080 hours per year are not available.
(3) = Wage rates are calculated using three years of data: 1997, 1998, and 1999.
(5) = Estimates not released due to high relative standard error.
The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.
Industry-Specific occupational employment and wage estimates for other SIC Major Groups:
1999 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
Other OES estimates and related information:
1999 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (cross-industry estimates)
1999 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (cross-industry estimates)
1999 Metropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (cross-industry estimates)
List of Occupations in SOC Code Number Order
List of Occupations in Alphabetical Order
Last modified: October 16, 2001
