Occupational Employment Statistics

1999 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates

SIC 171 - Plumbing, Heating and Air-Conditioning

These national industry-specific occupational employment and wage estimates are calculated with data collected from employers of all sizes, in metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas in every State and the District of Columbia, in SIC Industry Group 171 - Plumbing, Heating and Air-Conditioning.

SIC Industry Group 171 - Plumbing, Heating and Air-Conditioning is part of: SIC Major Group 17 - Construction Special Trade Contractors.

Links to other industry-specific estimates and cross-industry estimates

SOC Major Groups in in SIC 171 - Plumbing, Heating and Air-Conditioning:

SIC 171 - Plumbing, Heating and Air-Conditioning

Click on the SOC code number to view that occupation's definition and national cross-industry estimates.

Industry Total top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (1) Mean RSE
00-0000 Industry Total 906,450 100.00% $15.44 $17.52 $36,450 0.8 %
Management Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (1) Mean RSE
11-0000 Management Occupations 60,580 6.68% $27.98 $31.90 $66,350 1.2 %
11-1011 Chief Executives 5,070 0.56% $50.87 $48.82 $101,540 0.0 %
11-1021 General and Operations Managers 25,930 2.86% $29.60 $32.66 $67,920 0.0 %
11-2021 Marketing Managers 370 0.04% $26.72 $31.18 $64,860 0.0 %
11-2022 Sales Managers 1,290 0.14% $28.03 $29.65 $61,680 0.0 %
11-2031 Public Relations Managers (5) (5) $16.10 $20.04 $41,680 0.0 %
11-3011 Administrative Services Managers 1,380 0.15% $20.21 $24.53 $51,030 0.0 %
11-3031 Financial Managers 5,190 0.57% $23.76 $26.55 $55,220 0.0 %
11-3040 Human Resources Managers (3) 550 0.06% $21.05 $22.99 $47,810 3.0 %
11-3051 Industrial Production Managers (3) (5) (5) $32.29 $31.02 $64,530 4.5 %
11-3061 Purchasing Managers (3) 760 0.08% $20.94 $23.05 $47,950 2.7 %
11-3071 Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers 180 0.02% $21.62 $23.65 $49,190 0.0 %
11-9021 Construction Managers 17,420 1.92% $26.50 $29.63 $61,630 0.0 %
11-9041 Engineering Managers 1,050 0.12% $28.94 $31.05 $64,580 0.0 %
Business and Financial Operations Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (1) Mean RSE
13-0000 Business and Financial Operations Occupations 19,540 2.16% $21.50 $23.01 $47,860 2.0 %
13-1023 Purchasing Agents, Except Wholesale, Retail, and Farm Products (3) 1,530 0.17% $17.02 $18.32 $38,100 1.6 %
13-1041 Compliance Officers, Except Agriculture, Construction, Health and Safety, and Transportation (5) (5) $17.52 $19.20 $39,930 0.0 %
13-1051 Cost Estimators (3) 15,000 1.65% $21.45 $22.87 $47,570 0.9 %
13-1071 Employment, Recruitment, and Placement Specialists 110 0.01% $19.08 $18.86 $39,230 0.0 %
13-2011 Accountants and Auditors (3) 2,420 0.27% $19.40 $22.00 $45,750 5.1 %
Computer and Mathematical Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (1) Mean RSE
15-0000 Computer and Mathematical Occupations 1,170 0.13% $20.69 $22.35 $46,490 3.9 %
15-1021 Computer Programmers (3) 220 0.02% $21.62 $22.51 $46,830 3.2 %
15-1041 Computer Support Specialists 400 0.04% $22.98 $24.21 $50,350 0.0 %
15-1061 Database Administrators (3) 70 0.01% $22.33 $23.07 $47,990 5.5 %
15-1071 Network and Computer Systems Administrators 310 0.03% $20.19 $22.66 $47,130 0.0 %
Architecture and Engineering Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (1) Mean RSE
17-0000 Architecture and Engineering Occupations 11,010 1.21% $20.74 $22.30 $46,380 2.9 %
17-1011 Architects, Except Landscape and Naval (3) 210 0.02% $24.79 $23.73 $49,350 5.7 %
17-2051 Civil Engineers (3) 1,120 0.12% $22.76 $23.65 $49,180 3.1 %
17-2071 Electrical Engineers 660 0.07% $27.95 $25.87 $53,800 0.0 %
17-2081 Environmental Engineers (5) (5) $26.07 $27.62 $57,450 0.0 %
17-2111 Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors 310 0.03% $20.55 $22.70 $47,220 0.0 %
17-2112 Industrial Engineers 160 0.02% $23.64 $28.29 $58,840 0.0 %
17-2141 Mechanical Engineers (3) 2,190 0.24% $28.04 $28.55 $59,380 2.8 %
17-3011 Architectural and Civil Drafters 1,600 0.18% $16.74 $18.42 $38,320 0.0 %
17-3012 Electrical and Electronics Drafters 550 0.06% $14.77 $15.77 $32,810 0.0 %
17-3013 Mechanical Drafters 140 0.02% $17.82 $18.90 $39,310 0.0 %
17-3022 Civil Engineering Technicians (3) 110 0.01% $17.16 $17.90 $37,230 3.2 %
17-3023 Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technicians 230 0.03% $19.01 $18.83 $39,160 0.0 %
17-3026 Industrial Engineering Technicians (3) 320 0.04% $17.63 $17.31 $36,000 2.0 %
17-3027 Mechanical Engineering Technicians 780 0.09% $19.24 $20.67 $42,990 0.0 %
17-3031 Surveying and Mapping Technicians (3) (5) (5) $11.42 $15.44 $32,120 10.6 %
Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (1) Mean RSE
19-0000 Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations (5) (5) $9.95 $13.93 $28,960 25.9 %
Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (1) Mean RSE
27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations 350 0.04% $17.15 $18.29 $38,040 4.8 %
27-1021 Commercial and Industrial Designers 210 0.02% $19.73 $20.12 $41,860 0.0 %
27-3031 Public Relations Specialists (3) 30 0.00% $11.95 $13.45 $27,970 6.9 %
Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (1) Mean RSE
29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations (5) (5) (5) (5) (5) (5)
29-9010 Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians 30 0.00% $18.47 $18.58 $38,650 0.0 %
Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (1) Mean RSE
37-0000 Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations 9,320 1.03% $9.66 $10.42 $21,670 3.7 %
37-1012 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers 650 0.07% $18.11 $17.59 $36,580 0.0 %
37-2011 Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners (3) 870 0.10% $7.25 $7.75 $16,120 2.5 %
37-2012 Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners (3) (5) (5) $6.75 $7.89 $16,420 3.0 %
37-3011 Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers 7,480 0.83% $9.66 $10.15 $21,120 0.0 %
Sales and Related Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (1) Mean RSE
41-0000 Sales and Related Occupations 15,100 1.67% $20.22 $22.13 $46,040 2.7 %
41-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Retail Sales Workers 230 0.03% $36.62 $31.72 $65,970 0.0 %
41-1012 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Non-Retail Sales Workers 350 0.04% $34.44 $32.07 $66,710 0.0 %
41-2022 Parts Salespersons (3) 150 0.02% $14.36 $15.70 $32,660 8.3 %
41-2031 Retail Salespersons (3) 570 0.06% $10.31 $12.85 $26,720 10.1 %
41-4011 Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products (3) 190 0.02% $19.18 $21.61 $44,950 4.6 %
41-4012 Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products (3) 9,790 1.08% $18.31 $20.32 $42,270 2.3 %
41-9011 Demonstrators and Product Promoters (3) (5) (5) $21.60 $22.57 $46,950 11.3 %
41-9031 Sales Engineers (3) 1,420 0.16% $24.34 $27.26 $56,690 2.4 %
41-9041 Telemarketers 160 0.02% $7.25 $7.34 $15,270 0.0 %
Office and Administrative Support Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (1) Mean RSE
43-0000 Office and Administrative Support Occupations 93,280 10.29% $11.08 $11.92 $24,800 0.9 %
43-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Office and Administrative Support Workers (3) 8,670 0.96% $13.98 $15.39 $32,010 2.1 %
43-2011 Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service (3) 1,150 0.13% $9.92 $10.15 $21,110 1.6 %
43-3011 Bill and Account Collectors (3) 880 0.10% $12.89 $13.34 $27,740 1.5 %
43-3021 Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators (3) 1,990 0.22% $11.52 $11.92 $24,790 1.6 %
43-3031 Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks (3) 19,880 2.19% $11.53 $12.24 $25,460 1.0 %
43-3051 Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks (3) 4,440 0.49% $12.27 $12.40 $25,800 1.3 %
43-3061 Procurement Clerks (3) 360 0.04% $12.59 $14.30 $29,740 3.2 %
43-4041 Credit Authorizers, Checkers, and Clerks 40 0.00% $11.33 $11.22 $23,340 0.0 %
43-4051 Customer Service Representatives 830 0.09% $10.14 $10.71 $22,280 0.0 %
43-4071 File Clerks (3) 850 0.09% $8.53 $8.76 $18,230 3.6 %
43-4151 Order Clerks 720 0.08% $10.66 $11.48 $23,880 0.0 %
43-4161 Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping (3) 320 0.04% $10.86 $11.88 $24,700 2.7 %
43-4171 Receptionists and Information Clerks (3) 2,530 0.28% $8.57 $8.81 $18,330 2.3 %
43-5021 Couriers and Messengers (3) 440 0.05% $8.55 $9.60 $19,960 7.1 %
43-5032 Dispatchers, Except Police, Fire, and Ambulance (3) 3,250 0.36% $12.27 $13.21 $27,480 1.5 %
43-5061 Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks (3) 580 0.06% $13.78 $14.31 $29,760 2.7 %
43-5071 Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks (3) 1,170 0.13% $11.79 $12.36 $25,700 1.5 %
43-5081 Stock Clerks and Order Fillers (3) 2,790 0.31% $10.14 $10.77 $22,390 1.0 %
43-6011 Executive Secretaries and Administrative Assistants 9,160 1.01% $12.18 $12.93 $26,890 0.0 %
43-6014 Secretaries, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive 21,190 2.34% $9.90 $10.26 $21,340 0.0 %
43-9011 Computer Operators (3) 180 0.02% $13.99 $13.19 $27,440 6.3 %
43-9021 Data Entry Keyers (3) 160 0.02% $10.56 $10.77 $22,400 3.5 %
43-9061 Office Clerks, General 10,660 1.18% $9.79 $10.33 $21,480 0.0 %
Construction and Extraction Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (1) Mean RSE
47-0000 Construction and Extraction Occupations 543,110 59.92% $15.74 $17.22 $35,810 1.0 %
47-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers 26,270 2.90% $21.55 $24.05 $50,020 0.0 %
47-2011 Boilermakers (3) 3,450 0.38% $23.41 $22.25 $46,280 5.6 %
47-2021 Brickmasons and Blockmasons (5) (5) $19.34 $20.92 $43,500 0.0 %
47-2031 Carpenters 3,220 0.36% $15.39 $16.42 $34,160 0.0 %
47-2051 Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers (5) (5) $14.10 $14.09 $29,310 0.0 %
47-2061 Construction Laborers 16,690 1.84% $10.15 $11.42 $23,750 0.0 %
47-2073 Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators (3) 4,010 0.44% $17.86 $18.56 $38,600 2.6 %
47-2081 Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers 220 0.02% $16.70 $16.77 $34,880 0.0 %
47-2111 Electricians 10,580 1.17% $15.80 $17.21 $35,800 0.0 %
47-2121 Glaziers (5) (5) $16.09 $17.05 $35,460 0.0 %
47-2130 Insulation Workers (3) 3,120 0.34% $13.66 $15.94 $33,150 8.3 %
47-2141 Painters, Construction and Maintenance 530 0.06% $12.98 $13.23 $27,510 0.0 %
47-2151 Pipelayers (3) 7,580 0.84% $13.31 $14.50 $30,150 3.5 %
47-2152 Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters (3) 274,860 30.32% $17.37 $18.88 $39,270 0.7 %
47-2161 Plasterers and Stucco Masons (3) 1,300 0.14% $15.48 $18.54 $38,560 15.3 %
47-2171 Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers (3) (5) (5) $18.49 $18.69 $38,870 7.0 %
47-2181 Roofers (3) 1,280 0.14% $14.09 $15.31 $31,840 4.1 %
47-2211 Sheet Metal Workers (3) 109,240 12.05% $15.19 $17.30 $35,990 1.2 %
47-2221 Structural Iron and Steel Workers (3) 1,100 0.12% $19.65 $19.38 $40,320 3.1 %
47-3011 Helpers—Brickmasons, Blockmasons, Stonemasons, and Tile and Marble Setters (3) 130 0.01% $9.58 $10.97 $22,810 12.3 %
47-3012 Helpers—Carpenters (3) 640 0.07% $10.09 $10.64 $22,130 2.7 %
47-3013 Helpers—Electricians 2,680 0.30% $8.98 $9.19 $19,110 0.0 %
47-3014 Helpers—Painters, Paperhangers, Plasterers, and Stucco Masons (3) 420 0.05% $11.26 $12.92 $26,870 8.1 %
47-3015 Helpers—Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters (3) 65,050 7.18% $9.57 $10.14 $21,090 0.9 %
47-3016 Helpers—Roofers (3) 320 0.04% $7.73 $8.06 $16,770 5.3 %
47-4011 Construction and Building Inspectors (3) 380 0.04% $20.60 $18.01 $37,450 7.5 %
47-4041 Hazardous Materials Removal Workers (3) 260 0.03% $12.08 $12.71 $26,440 5.7 %
47-4071 Septic Tank Servicers and Sewer Pipe Cleaners (3) (5) (5) $11.92 $12.56 $26,130 2.1 %
47-5021 Earth Drillers, Except Oil and Gas (3) 70 0.01% $11.09 $12.10 $25,160 5.2 %
Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (1) Mean RSE
49-0000 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations 125,730 13.87% $14.53 $15.54 $32,330 1.5 %
49-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers 4,460 0.49% $20.12 $22.73 $47,280 0.0 %
49-2092 Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers 30 0.00% $15.07 $14.86 $30,900 0.0 %
49-2094 Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment 710 0.08% $15.81 $16.23 $33,760 0.0 %
49-2098 Security and Fire Alarm Systems Installers 3,440 0.38% $14.61 $15.97 $33,220 0.0 %
49-3023 Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics (3) 590 0.07% $14.03 $14.62 $30,410 2.2 %
49-3031 Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists (3) (5) (5) $14.75 $15.24 $31,700 6.9 %
49-3042 Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines (3) 110 0.01% $17.05 $17.53 $36,460 3.6 %
49-9012 Control and Valve Installers and Repairers, Except Mechanical Door 340 0.04% $11.94 $13.34 $27,740 0.0 %
49-9021 Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers (3) 83,070 9.16% $13.75 $14.91 $31,010 0.7 %
49-9031 Home Appliance Repairers 570 0.06% $14.41 $15.61 $32,460 0.0 %
49-9041 Industrial Machinery Mechanics (5) (5) $15.12 $17.16 $35,690 0.0 %
49-9042 Maintenance and Repair Workers, General (3) 13,940 1.54% $13.92 $14.83 $30,850 2.1 %
49-9043 Maintenance Workers, Machinery (3) 60 0.01% $12.07 $12.99 $27,020 4.7 %
49-9044 Millwrights (3) 3,680 0.41% $16.11 $16.52 $34,360 1.9 %
49-9045 Refractory Materials Repairers, Except Brickmasons (3) 160 0.02% $13.46 $18.63 $38,750 16.2 %
49-9051 Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers (3) 250 0.03% $13.11 $13.48 $28,040 2.9 %
49-9096 Riggers (3) 90 0.01% $17.12 $17.03 $35,430 4.3 %
49-9098 Helpers—Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers (3) 10,360 1.14% $8.79 $9.26 $19,260 2.0 %
Production Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (1) Mean RSE
51-0000 Production Occupations 13,390 1.48% $14.56 $15.09 $31,390 2.5 %
51-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Production and Operating Workers 690 0.08% $19.73 $20.36 $42,350 0.0 %
51-2041 Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters 4,420 0.49% $12.62 $13.42 $27,920 0.0 %
51-2092 Team Assemblers 400 0.04% $10.37 $10.84 $22,560 0.0 %
51-4041 Machinists 190 0.02% $15.29 $19.22 $39,980 0.0 %
51-4121 Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers (3) 5,650 0.62% $15.11 $15.74 $32,730 1.4 %
51-4122 Welding, Soldering, and Brazing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders (3) (5) (5) $19.75 $20.02 $41,640 9.6 %
51-9061 Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers (3) 200 0.02% $13.19 $14.35 $29,850 3.9 %
51-9198 Helpers—Production Workers 690 0.08% $9.20 $9.69 $20,150 0.0 %
Transportation and Material Moving Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (1) Mean RSE
53-0000 Transportation and Material Moving Occupations 13,690 1.51% $11.46 $12.50 $26,010 2.1 %
53-1021 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand 330 0.04% $18.60 $18.74 $38,980 0.0 %
53-1031 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Transportation and Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators (5) (5) $12.37 $12.98 $27,010 0.0 %
53-3032 Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-Trailer 1,600 0.18% $12.42 $13.56 $28,200 0.0 %
53-3033 Truck Drivers, Light Or Delivery Services 5,150 0.57% $10.23 $10.99 $22,860 0.0 %
53-7021 Crane and Tower Operators (3) 310 0.03% $16.93 $17.58 $36,560 3.6 %
53-7032 Excavating and Loading Machine and Dragline Operators (3) 1,280 0.14% $13.75 $14.83 $30,840 3.0 %
53-7041 Hoist and Winch Operators (3) 50 0.01% $11.24 $11.36 $23,630 4.7 %
53-7051 Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators (3) 260 0.03% $12.47 $14.22 $29,570 5.7 %
53-7061 Cleaners of Vehicles and Equipment (3) 70 0.01% $10.78 $11.87 $24,700 5.3 %
53-7062 Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand 3,870 0.43% $11.17 $12.68 $26,360 0.0 %
53-7072 Pump Operators, Except Wellhead Pumpers (3) 350 0.04% $11.28 $11.44 $23,800 4.5 %

About 1999 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates

Estimates for residual, "All Other", occupations are not available.

(1) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.

(3) = Wage rates are calculated using three years of data: 1997, 1998, and 1999.

(5) = Estimates not released due to high relative standard error.

The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.



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Industry-Specific occupational employment and wage estimates for other SIC groups:

SIC 17 - Construction Special Trade Contractors

1999 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates

Other OES estimates and related information:

1999 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (cross-industry estimates)

1999 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (cross-industry estimates)

1999 Metropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (cross-industry estimates)

Technical notes

List of Occupations in SOC Code Number Order

List of Occupations in Alphabetical Order

Last modified: October 16, 2001

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