These national industry-specific occupational employment and wage estimates are calculated with data collected from employers of all sizes, in metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas in every State and the District of Columbia, in SIC Industry Group 205 - Bakery Products.
SIC Industry Group 205 - Bakery Products is part of: SIC Major Group 20 - Food and Kindred Products.
Links to other industry-specific estimates and cross-industry estimates
SOC Major Groups in in SIC 205 - Bakery Products:
Click on the SOC code number to view that occupation's definition and national cross-industry estimates.
| Industry Total top | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 00-0000 | Industry Total | 208,390 | 100.00% | $11.96 | $13.66 | $28,410 | 1.6 % |
| Management Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 11-0000 | Management Occupations | 9,490 | 4.55% | $30.73 | $33.95 | $70,620 | 2.3 % |
| 11-1011 | Chief Executives | 670 | 0.32% | $65.59 | $55.46 | $115,360 | 5.6 % |
| 11-1021 | General and Operations Managers | 2,270 | 1.09% | $36.46 | $38.75 | $80,600 | 3.8 % |
| 11-2011 | Advertising and Promotions Managers | 90 | 0.04% | $28.18 | $31.87 | $66,290 | 8.4 % |
| 11-2021 | Marketing Managers | 430 | 0.21% | $36.35 | $37.24 | $77,460 | 5.3 % |
| 11-2022 | Sales Managers | 1,310 | 0.63% | $26.81 | $30.45 | $63,350 | 4.0 % |
| 11-3011 | Administrative Services Managers | 190 | 0.09% | $27.91 | $25.96 | $53,990 | 8.1 % |
| 11-3021 | Computer and Information Systems Managers | 200 | 0.10% | $34.23 | $36.12 | $75,140 | 8.0 % |
| 11-3031 | Financial Managers | 750 | 0.36% | $34.56 | $35.25 | $73,310 | 3.1 % |
| 11-3040 | Human Resources Managers (3) | 480 | 0.23% | $26.15 | $28.25 | $58,760 | 1.5 % |
| 11-3051 | Industrial Production Managers (3) | 1,580 | 0.76% | $25.60 | $27.43 | $57,040 | 1.7 % |
| 11-3061 | Purchasing Managers (3) | 230 | 0.11% | $24.42 | $25.90 | $53,880 | 1.9 % |
| 11-3071 | Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers | 460 | 0.22% | $25.58 | $27.24 | $56,660 | 3.2 % |
| 11-9041 | Engineering Managers | 350 | 0.17% | $28.23 | $29.87 | $62,140 | 6.1 % |
| Business and Financial Operations Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 13-0000 | Business and Financial Operations Occupations | 1,220 | 0.59% | $19.68 | $20.69 | $43,030 | 2.1 % |
| 13-1023 | Purchasing Agents, Except Wholesale, Retail, and Farm Products (3) | 220 | 0.11% | $19.58 | $20.22 | $42,050 | 1.7 % |
| 13-1051 | Cost Estimators (3) | 40 | 0.02% | $20.16 | $22.39 | $46,580 | 5.3 % |
| 13-1071 | Employment, Recruitment, and Placement Specialists | 80 | 0.04% | $16.16 | $19.70 | $40,980 | 11.3 % |
| 13-1072 | Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists | 80 | 0.04% | $19.22 | $19.56 | $40,680 | 5.9 % |
| 13-1073 | Training and Development Specialists | 30 | 0.01% | $18.31 | $18.40 | $38,270 | 4.9 % |
| 13-2011 | Accountants and Auditors (3) | 430 | 0.21% | $19.54 | $20.94 | $43,560 | 1.6 % |
| 13-2051 | Financial Analysts | 30 | 0.01% | $22.11 | $22.98 | $47,790 | 3.3 % |
| Computer and Mathematical Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 15-0000 | Computer and Mathematical Occupations | 460 | 0.22% | $21.00 | $22.32 | $46,420 | 3.5 % |
| 15-1021 | Computer Programmers (3) | 140 | 0.07% | $21.67 | $21.74 | $45,210 | 2.8 % |
| 15-1041 | Computer Support Specialists | 150 | 0.07% | $18.40 | $18.22 | $37,900 | 3.4 % |
| 15-1051 | Computer Systems Analysts | 50 | 0.02% | $27.73 | $27.92 | $58,070 | 7.4 % |
| 15-1061 | Database Administrators (3) | 50 | 0.02% | $23.88 | $23.97 | $49,850 | 6.0 % |
| 15-1071 | Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 50 | 0.02% | $20.96 | $22.25 | $46,270 | 4.2 % |
| Architecture and Engineering Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 17-0000 | Architecture and Engineering Occupations | 1,050 | 0.50% | $22.43 | $23.66 | $49,210 | 5.1 % |
| 17-2111 | Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors | 70 | 0.03% | $21.98 | $24.11 | $50,150 | 9.3 % |
| 17-2112 | Industrial Engineers | 440 | 0.21% | $25.19 | $25.81 | $53,680 | 7.2 % |
| 17-2141 | Mechanical Engineers (3) | 280 | 0.13% | $20.98 | $22.37 | $46,520 | 3.1 % |
| 17-3023 | Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technicians | 40 | 0.02% | $15.97 | $16.36 | $34,020 | 5.9 % |
| 17-3026 | Industrial Engineering Technicians (3) | (5) | (5) | $19.43 | $21.06 | $43,800 | 3.9 % |
| Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 19-0000 | Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations | 220 | 0.11% | $16.98 | $20.11 | $41,820 | 14.8 % |
| 19-1010 | Agricultural and Food Scientists (3) | 30 | 0.01% | $34.87 | $32.57 | $67,750 | 22.2 % |
| 19-4011 | Agricultural and Food Science Technicians | 100 | 0.05% | $13.00 | $15.94 | $33,160 | 16.9 % |
| 19-4031 | Chemical Technicians | 40 | 0.02% | $15.77 | $16.21 | $33,720 | 6.6 % |
| Protective Service Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 33-0000 | Protective Service Occupations | 140 | 0.07% | $10.30 | $13.56 | $28,200 | 7.8 % |
| 33-9032 | Security Guards (3) | 100 | 0.05% | $9.45 | $9.86 | $20,510 | 2.2 % |
| Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 35-0000 | Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations | 3,440 | 1.65% | $7.01 | $8.47 | $17,620 | 5.9 % |
| 35-1012 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Food Preparation and Serving Workers | 290 | 0.14% | $18.29 | $18.95 | $39,420 | 9.2 % |
| 35-2021 | Food Preparation Workers | 1,400 | 0.67% | $6.63 | $7.07 | $14,710 | 3.5 % |
| 35-3021 | Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers, Including Fast Food (3) | (5) | (5) | $6.75 | $7.93 | $16,490 | 6.1 % |
| 35-3022 | Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee Shop (3) | 880 | 0.42% | $6.62 | $6.80 | $14,130 | 4.4 % |
| 35-3031 | Waiters and Waitresses (3) | 140 | 0.07% | $6.08 | $6.15 | $12,780 | 3.5 % |
| 35-9021 | Dishwashers | 100 | 0.05% | $7.25 | $9.30 | $19,350 | 19.4 % |
| Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 37-0000 | Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations | 7,800 | 3.74% | $10.33 | $11.45 | $23,810 | 3.5 % |
| 37-1011 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers (3) | 470 | 0.23% | $18.26 | $19.06 | $39,640 | 2.0 % |
| 37-2011 | Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners (3) | 6,950 | 3.34% | $10.24 | $10.91 | $22,680 | 1.6 % |
| 37-3012 | Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators, Vegetation (3) | 50 | 0.02% | $16.25 | $16.11 | $33,520 | 3.1 % |
| Sales and Related Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 41-0000 | Sales and Related Occupations | 11,910 | 5.72% | $13.50 | $16.12 | $33,520 | 4.0 % |
| 41-1011 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Retail Sales Workers | 950 | 0.46% | $16.76 | $19.64 | $40,840 | 5.9 % |
| 41-1012 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Non-Retail Sales Workers | 1,220 | 0.59% | $21.89 | $24.41 | $50,780 | 5.6 % |
| 41-2011 | Cashiers (3) | 2,770 | 1.33% | $8.12 | $8.89 | $18,500 | 2.4 % |
| 41-2031 | Retail Salespersons (3) | 2,110 | 1.01% | $7.82 | $9.03 | $18,790 | 3.2 % |
| 41-4011 | Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products (3) | (5) | (5) | $21.56 | $23.42 | $48,720 | 2.3 % |
| 41-4012 | Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products (3) | 3,720 | 1.79% | $20.10 | $20.48 | $42,590 | 1.9 % |
| 41-9011 | Demonstrators and Product Promoters (3) | (5) | (5) | $7.65 | $8.90 | $18,500 | 15.5 % |
| Office and Administrative Support Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 43-0000 | Office and Administrative Support Occupations | 13,860 | 6.65% | $12.43 | $12.96 | $26,960 | 1.4 % |
| 43-1011 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Office and Administrative Support Workers (3) | 880 | 0.42% | $18.14 | $18.38 | $38,230 | 1.5 % |
| 43-2011 | Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service (3) | 200 | 0.10% | $10.43 | $10.82 | $22,510 | 1.5 % |
| 43-3021 | Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators (3) | 600 | 0.29% | $11.87 | $12.44 | $25,880 | 2.8 % |
| 43-3031 | Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks (3) | 1,480 | 0.71% | $12.04 | $12.60 | $26,210 | 1.2 % |
| 43-3051 | Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks (3) | 470 | 0.23% | $12.81 | $13.45 | $27,980 | 1.3 % |
| 43-3061 | Procurement Clerks (3) | 80 | 0.04% | $13.56 | $13.86 | $28,830 | 2.7 % |
| 43-4051 | Customer Service Representatives | 420 | 0.20% | $12.46 | $12.89 | $26,810 | 2.7 % |
| 43-4071 | File Clerks (3) | 70 | 0.03% | $9.55 | $9.49 | $19,730 | 3.0 % |
| 43-4151 | Order Clerks | 340 | 0.16% | $12.06 | $12.62 | $26,250 | 6.0 % |
| 43-4161 | Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping (3) | 320 | 0.15% | $12.82 | $13.17 | $27,390 | 1.5 % |
| 43-4171 | Receptionists and Information Clerks (3) | 250 | 0.12% | $10.05 | $10.26 | $21,350 | 1.6 % |
| 43-5061 | Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks (3) | 560 | 0.27% | $14.92 | $15.83 | $32,920 | 2.0 % |
| 43-5071 | Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks (3) | 3,220 | 1.55% | $12.46 | $12.65 | $26,310 | 1.2 % |
| 43-5081 | Stock Clerks and Order Fillers (3) | 1,150 | 0.55% | $11.57 | $11.84 | $24,620 | 2.5 % |
| 43-5111 | Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping (3) | 420 | 0.20% | $12.02 | $12.27 | $25,520 | 2.8 % |
| 43-6011 | Executive Secretaries and Administrative Assistants | 520 | 0.25% | $15.09 | $15.49 | $32,220 | 3.6 % |
| 43-6014 | Secretaries, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive | 320 | 0.15% | $12.19 | $12.48 | $25,970 | 3.2 % |
| 43-9011 | Computer Operators (3) | 210 | 0.10% | $12.74 | $13.71 | $28,520 | 2.1 % |
| 43-9021 | Data Entry Keyers (3) | (5) | (5) | $10.55 | $10.89 | $22,650 | 1.8 % |
| 43-9061 | Office Clerks, General | 1,730 | 0.83% | $10.64 | $10.83 | $22,530 | 2.1 % |
| Construction and Extraction Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 47-0000 | Construction and Extraction Occupations | 590 | 0.28% | $19.23 | $19.36 | $40,270 | 9.7 % |
| 47-2111 | Electricians | 460 | 0.22% | $21.20 | $20.36 | $42,350 | 10.7 % |
| 47-2141 | Painters, Construction and Maintenance | 120 | 0.06% | $15.04 | $15.55 | $32,330 | 6.3 % |
| Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 49-0000 | Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations | 9,440 | 4.53% | $16.12 | $16.61 | $34,560 | 1.2 % |
| 49-1011 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers | 810 | 0.39% | $22.87 | $23.67 | $49,220 | 2.1 % |
| 49-2092 | Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers | 200 | 0.10% | $16.66 | $16.36 | $34,030 | 6.0 % |
| 49-2094 | Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment | 120 | 0.06% | $15.65 | $15.67 | $32,600 | 8.4 % |
| 49-3023 | Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics (3) | 250 | 0.12% | $16.44 | $16.85 | $35,040 | 2.4 % |
| 49-3031 | Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists (3) | 740 | 0.36% | $15.81 | $16.22 | $33,730 | 1.7 % |
| 49-9021 | Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers (3) | 200 | 0.10% | $16.76 | $16.33 | $33,980 | 2.1 % |
| 49-9041 | Industrial Machinery Mechanics | 2,420 | 1.16% | $15.96 | $16.43 | $34,180 | 1.9 % |
| 49-9042 | Maintenance and Repair Workers, General (3) | 3,750 | 1.80% | $14.01 | $14.33 | $29,800 | 1.9 % |
| 49-9043 | Maintenance Workers, Machinery (3) | 590 | 0.28% | $14.85 | $15.14 | $31,490 | 2.2 % |
| 49-9098 | Helpers—Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers (3) | 200 | 0.10% | $12.46 | $12.68 | $26,380 | 3.0 % |
| Production Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 51-0000 | Production Occupations | 94,600 | 45.40% | $11.50 | $11.97 | $24,890 | 2.0 % |
| 51-1011 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Production and Operating Workers | 7,610 | 3.65% | $17.89 | $19.08 | $39,680 | 1.7 % |
| 51-2092 | Team Assemblers | 4,530 | 2.17% | $9.77 | $10.59 | $22,030 | 6.0 % |
| 51-3011 | Bakers (3) | 30,760 | 14.76% | $11.29 | $11.57 | $24,070 | 1.0 % |
| 51-3091 | Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders | 3,530 | 1.69% | $11.68 | $11.20 | $23,300 | 3.5 % |
| 51-3092 | Food Batchmakers | 8,890 | 4.27% | $11.27 | $11.67 | $24,280 | 4.6 % |
| 51-3093 | Food Cooking Machine Operators and Tenders | 2,160 | 1.04% | $11.01 | $10.84 | $22,540 | 4.7 % |
| 51-4041 | Machinists | 1,200 | 0.58% | $17.75 | $18.22 | $37,890 | 12.4 % |
| 51-8021 | Stationary Engineers and Boiler Operators | 200 | 0.10% | $17.49 | $17.73 | $36,880 | 4.9 % |
| 51-9012 | Separating, Filtering, Clarifying, Precipitating, and Still Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders (3) | (5) | (5) | $13.88 | $11.68 | $24,290 | 5.5 % |
| 51-9023 | Mixing and Blending Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders | 2,350 | 1.13% | $12.36 | $12.30 | $25,580 | 3.1 % |
| 51-9031 | Cutters and Trimmers, Hand | (5) | (5) | $6.69 | $9.26 | $19,250 | 18.1 % |
| 51-9032 | Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders (3) | 800 | 0.38% | $12.68 | $12.62 | $26,240 | 2.1 % |
| 51-9041 | Extruding, Forming, Pressing, and Compacting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders (3) | 460 | 0.22% | $11.80 | $11.76 | $24,460 | 1.9 % |
| 51-9051 | Furnace, Kiln, Oven, Drier, and Kettle Operators and Tenders (3) | 70 | 0.03% | $10.60 | $11.92 | $24,780 | 6.0 % |
| 51-9061 | Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers (3) | 1,410 | 0.68% | $12.13 | $12.35 | $25,690 | 1.8 % |
| 51-9111 | Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders | 11,270 | 5.41% | $11.42 | $11.65 | $24,230 | 3.9 % |
| 51-9123 | Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers (3) | (5) | (5) | $8.34 | $9.11 | $18,950 | 10.3 % |
| 51-9192 | Cleaning, Washing, and Metal Pickling Equipment Operators and Tenders | 370 | 0.18% | $10.65 | $10.68 | $22,210 | 7.3 % |
| 51-9198 | Helpers—Production Workers | 8,120 | 3.90% | $10.21 | $10.31 | $21,440 | 4.7 % |
| Transportation and Material Moving Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 53-0000 | Transportation and Material Moving Occupations | 54,040 | 25.93% | $10.72 | $12.31 | $25,600 | 3.7 % |
| 53-1021 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 610 | 0.29% | $16.59 | $17.30 | $35,980 | 3.9 % |
| 53-1031 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Transportation and Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators | 650 | 0.31% | $20.56 | $21.09 | $43,880 | 3.7 % |
| 53-3031 | Driver/Sales Workers (3) | 8,670 | 4.16% | $16.47 | $16.36 | $34,030 | 1.9 % |
| 53-3032 | Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-Trailer | 4,710 | 2.26% | $15.71 | $15.95 | $33,170 | 2.6 % |
| 53-3033 | Truck Drivers, Light Or Delivery Services | 3,750 | 1.80% | $10.72 | $12.20 | $25,380 | 9.3 % |
| 53-7011 | Conveyor Operators and Tenders (3) | 2,470 | 1.19% | $14.32 | $14.38 | $29,910 | 4.2 % |
| 53-7051 | Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators (3) | 2,320 | 1.11% | $12.55 | $13.06 | $27,170 | 2.0 % |
| 53-7061 | Cleaners of Vehicles and Equipment (3) | 1,240 | 0.60% | $11.02 | $11.41 | $23,740 | 2.4 % |
| 53-7062 | Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand | 3,640 | 1.75% | $11.52 | $11.63 | $24,200 | 3.3 % |
| 53-7063 | Machine Feeders and Offbearers (3) | 3,530 | 1.69% | $10.48 | $10.80 | $22,460 | 2.5 % |
| 53-7064 | Packers and Packagers, Hand (3) | 22,230 | 10.67% | $9.08 | $9.38 | $19,510 | 1.6 % |
| 53-7121 | Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders | 30 | 0.01% | $9.94 | $11.12 | $23,120 | 15.6 % |
About 1999 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
Estimates for residual, "All Other", occupations are not available.
(1) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(3) = Wage rates are calculated using three years of data: 1997, 1998, and 1999.
(5) = Estimates not released due to high relative standard error.
The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.
Industry-Specific occupational employment and wage estimates for other SIC groups:
SIC 20 - Food and Kindred Products1999 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
Other OES estimates and related information:
1999 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (cross-industry estimates)
1999 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (cross-industry estimates)
1999 Metropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (cross-industry estimates)
List of Occupations in SOC Code Number Order
List of Occupations in Alphabetical Order
Last modified: October 16, 2001