U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics U.S. Bureau of Labor StatisticsThese national industry-specific occupational employment and wage estimates are calculated with data collected from employers of all sizes, in metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas in every State and the District of Columbia, in SIC Industry Group 274 - Miscellaneous Publishing.
SIC Industry Group 274 - Miscellaneous Publishing is part of: SIC Major Group 27 - Printing, Publishing, and Allied Industries.
Links to other industry-specific estimates and cross-industry estimates
SOC Major Groups in in SIC 274 - Miscellaneous Publishing:
Click on the SOC code number to view that occupation's definition and national cross-industry estimates.
| Industry Total top | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 00-0000 | Industry Total | 94,480 | 100.00% | $14.93 | $19.98 | $41,550 | 5.3 % |
| Management Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 11-0000 | Management Occupations | 10,420 | 11.03% | $33.16 | $36.26 | $75,410 | 2.5 % |
| 11-1011 | Chief Executives | 530 | 0.56% | $62.73 | $52.74 | $109,700 | 6.2 % |
| 11-1021 | General and Operations Managers | 3,230 | 3.42% | $40.58 | $41.23 | $85,750 | 6.2 % |
| 11-2011 | Advertising and Promotions Managers | 720 | 0.76% | $29.59 | $31.26 | $65,030 | 5.7 % |
| 11-2021 | Marketing Managers | 860 | 0.91% | $31.16 | $31.30 | $65,110 | 5.6 % |
| 11-2022 | Sales Managers | 1,120 | 1.19% | $32.36 | $34.28 | $71,310 | 2.8 % |
| 11-2031 | Public Relations Managers | 290 | 0.31% | $29.26 | $31.68 | $65,890 | 2.5 % |
| 11-3011 | Administrative Services Managers | 320 | 0.34% | $25.36 | $26.49 | $55,100 | 4.4 % |
| 11-3021 | Computer and Information Systems Managers | 650 | 0.69% | $29.20 | $32.14 | $66,860 | 16.0 % |
| 11-3031 | Financial Managers | 570 | 0.60% | $34.83 | $37.08 | $77,130 | 3.5 % |
| 11-3040 | Human Resources Managers (3) | 370 | 0.39% | $29.50 | $28.95 | $60,220 | 2.2 % |
| 11-3051 | Industrial Production Managers (3) | 370 | 0.39% | $25.86 | $27.73 | $57,680 | 2.8 % |
| 11-3061 | Purchasing Managers (3) | 100 | 0.11% | $26.00 | $25.98 | $54,040 | 3.7 % |
| 11-3071 | Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers | 110 | 0.12% | $23.58 | $23.32 | $48,510 | 6.8 % |
| 11-9041 | Engineering Managers | 150 | 0.16% | $45.39 | $41.85 | $87,040 | 6.7 % |
| Business and Financial Operations Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 13-0000 | Business and Financial Operations Occupations | 3,040 | 3.22% | $23.84 | $29.08 | $60,490 | 6.4 % |
| 13-1023 | Purchasing Agents, Except Wholesale, Retail, and Farm Products (3) | 120 | 0.13% | $17.45 | $18.33 | $38,130 | 3.0 % |
| 13-1051 | Cost Estimators (3) | 50 | 0.05% | $17.24 | $19.56 | $40,690 | 5.9 % |
| 13-1071 | Employment, Recruitment, and Placement Specialists | (5) | (5) | $33.76 | $40.29 | $83,800 | 13.6 % |
| 13-1073 | Training and Development Specialists | 290 | 0.31% | $22.51 | $22.41 | $46,610 | 5.4 % |
| 13-2011 | Accountants and Auditors (3) | 1,000 | 1.06% | $19.99 | $20.54 | $42,730 | 2.5 % |
| 13-2051 | Financial Analysts | 140 | 0.15% | $18.82 | $20.48 | $42,610 | 11.6 % |
| Computer and Mathematical Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 15-0000 | Computer and Mathematical Occupations | 4,350 | 4.60% | $24.80 | $25.22 | $52,470 | 4.9 % |
| 15-1021 | Computer Programmers (3) | 1,000 | 1.06% | $20.60 | $22.23 | $46,230 | 2.3 % |
| 15-1031 | Computer Software Engineers, Applications | 990 | 1.05% | $31.57 | $31.36 | $65,220 | 2.9 % |
| 15-1032 | Computer Software Engineers, Systems Software | 560 | 0.59% | $28.70 | $29.08 | $60,480 | 6.7 % |
| 15-1041 | Computer Support Specialists | 570 | 0.60% | $16.00 | $18.13 | $37,710 | 6.8 % |
| 15-1051 | Computer Systems Analysts | 160 | 0.17% | $24.92 | $25.28 | $52,590 | 5.8 % |
| 15-1061 | Database Administrators (3) | 470 | 0.50% | $22.57 | $23.33 | $48,520 | 2.9 % |
| 15-1071 | Network and Computer Systems Administrators | 390 | 0.41% | $23.38 | $23.02 | $47,870 | 3.9 % |
| Architecture and Engineering Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 17-0000 | Architecture and Engineering Occupations | 1,220 | 1.29% | $13.83 | $16.42 | $34,140 | 4.7 % |
| 17-1021 | Cartographers and Photogrammetrists | 490 | 0.52% | $17.06 | $19.04 | $39,610 | 5.8 % |
| 17-3031 | Surveying and Mapping Technicians (3) | 590 | 0.62% | $12.16 | $12.59 | $26,190 | 3.6 % |
| Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 19-0000 | Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations | 390 | 0.41% | $20.78 | $23.55 | $48,990 | 4.3 % |
| 19-3021 | Market Research Analysts | 260 | 0.28% | $19.27 | $21.81 | $45,360 | 5.2 % |
| Legal Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 23-0000 | Legal Occupations | (5) | (5) | $13.10 | $18.29 | $38,040 | 10.4 % |
| Education, Training, and Library Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 25-0000 | Education, Training, and Library Occupations | 120 | 0.13% | $15.87 | $17.62 | $36,650 | 11.0 % |
| Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 27-0000 | Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations | 9,930 | 10.51% | $16.60 | $19.86 | $41,320 | 7.1 % |
| 27-1011 | Art Directors | 180 | 0.19% | $19.25 | $20.99 | $43,670 | 6.8 % |
| 27-1014 | Multi-Media Artists and Animators | 120 | 0.13% | $14.07 | $15.51 | $32,260 | 11.4 % |
| 27-1021 | Commercial and Industrial Designers | 50 | 0.05% | $12.88 | $13.22 | $27,490 | 5.5 % |
| 27-1024 | Graphic Designers | 2,230 | 2.36% | $14.55 | $15.37 | $31,970 | 3.2 % |
| 27-3020 | News Analysts, Reporters and Correspondents (3) | 210 | 0.22% | $14.76 | $15.67 | $32,590 | 6.4 % |
| 27-3031 | Public Relations Specialists (3) | 130 | 0.14% | $16.89 | $18.63 | $38,750 | 4.3 % |
| 27-3041 | Editors | 3,290 | 3.48% | $16.54 | $18.94 | $39,390 | 4.1 % |
| 27-3042 | Technical Writers | 710 | 0.75% | $21.92 | $21.86 | $45,470 | 4.8 % |
| 27-3043 | Writers and Authors | 650 | 0.69% | $16.48 | $17.44 | $36,280 | 10.2 % |
| 27-4021 | Photographers (3) | 390 | 0.41% | $9.91 | $12.60 | $26,210 | 7.0 % |
| Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 37-0000 | Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations | 200 | 0.21% | $9.52 | $11.97 | $24,910 | 13.1 % |
| 37-2011 | Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners (3) | 200 | 0.21% | $8.64 | $9.31 | $19,360 | 2.6 % |
| Sales and Related Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 41-0000 | Sales and Related Occupations | 19,270 | 20.40% | $14.21 | $17.82 | $37,070 | 3.5 % |
| 41-1011 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Retail Sales Workers | 580 | 0.61% | $19.53 | $21.35 | $44,410 | 6.6 % |
| 41-1012 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Non-Retail Sales Workers | 540 | 0.57% | $26.03 | $26.44 | $55,000 | 4.1 % |
| 41-2031 | Retail Salespersons (3) | 520 | 0.55% | $11.83 | $11.95 | $24,860 | 5.6 % |
| 41-3011 | Advertising Sales Agents (3) | 5,910 | 6.26% | $15.26 | $18.33 | $38,130 | 2.6 % |
| 41-4011 | Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products (3) | (5) | (5) | $21.90 | $26.52 | $55,160 | 7.2 % |
| 41-4012 | Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products (3) | 3,340 | 3.54% | $17.20 | $20.15 | $41,910 | 3.1 % |
| 41-9011 | Demonstrators and Product Promoters (3) | 130 | 0.14% | $11.86 | $15.43 | $32,100 | 15.8 % |
| 41-9041 | Telemarketers | 5,350 | 5.66% | $10.27 | $11.50 | $23,920 | 4.2 % |
| 41-9091 | Door-To-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors, and Related Workers | 640 | 0.68% | $6.12 | $6.82 | $14,190 | 12.6 % |
| Office and Administrative Support Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 43-0000 | Office and Administrative Support Occupations | 29,540 | 31.27% | $12.50 | $18.12 | $37,680 | 14.1 % |
| 43-1011 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Office and Administrative Support Workers (3) | 2,010 | 2.13% | $16.99 | $18.27 | $37,990 | 2.4 % |
| 43-2011 | Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service (3) | 420 | 0.44% | $10.48 | $10.82 | $22,500 | 4.2 % |
| 43-2021 | Telephone Operators (3) | 80 | 0.08% | $18.30 | $18.16 | $37,780 | 2.5 % |
| 43-3011 | Bill and Account Collectors (3) | 740 | 0.78% | $11.77 | $12.61 | $26,230 | 2.5 % |
| 43-3021 | Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators (3) | 290 | 0.31% | $11.37 | $11.81 | $24,550 | 2.6 % |
| 43-3031 | Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks (3) | 1,610 | 1.70% | $11.90 | $12.67 | $26,360 | 1.9 % |
| 43-3051 | Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks (3) | 130 | 0.14% | $13.61 | $13.68 | $28,460 | 1.9 % |
| 43-4041 | Credit Authorizers, Checkers, and Clerks | 90 | 0.10% | $12.69 | $13.45 | $27,980 | 6.2 % |
| 43-4051 | Customer Service Representatives | 3,420 | 3.62% | $11.96 | $16.02 | $33,310 | 13.6 % |
| 43-4071 | File Clerks (3) | 230 | 0.24% | $9.44 | $10.11 | $21,030 | 3.5 % |
| 43-4151 | Order Clerks | 1,520 | 1.61% | $10.14 | $10.78 | $22,420 | 2.0 % |
| 43-4161 | Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping (3) | 110 | 0.12% | $12.51 | $13.26 | $27,580 | 2.2 % |
| 43-4171 | Receptionists and Information Clerks (3) | 730 | 0.77% | $10.33 | $10.59 | $22,030 | 2.7 % |
| 43-5021 | Couriers and Messengers (3) | (5) | (5) | $8.34 | $8.21 | $17,080 | 5.2 % |
| 43-5061 | Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks (3) | 930 | 0.98% | $13.63 | $14.52 | $30,210 | 2.2 % |
| 43-5071 | Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks (3) | 1,030 | 1.09% | $10.16 | $10.45 | $21,730 | 1.8 % |
| 43-5081 | Stock Clerks and Order Fillers (3) | 480 | 0.51% | $10.10 | $10.50 | $21,840 | 3.0 % |
| 43-6011 | Executive Secretaries and Administrative Assistants | 2,060 | 2.18% | $15.42 | $16.03 | $33,350 | 2.5 % |
| 43-6014 | Secretaries, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive | 850 | 0.90% | $11.25 | $11.21 | $23,320 | 4.5 % |
| 43-9011 | Computer Operators (3) | 210 | 0.22% | $13.47 | $13.80 | $28,690 | 3.9 % |
| 43-9021 | Data Entry Keyers (3) | 820 | 0.87% | $10.94 | $11.38 | $23,670 | 2.8 % |
| 43-9022 | Word Processors and Typists (3) | 190 | 0.20% | $9.52 | $9.89 | $20,570 | 3.1 % |
| 43-9031 | Desktop Publishers | 4,350 | 4.60% | $14.06 | $14.93 | $31,060 | 4.3 % |
| 43-9051 | Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, Except Postal Service (3) | 370 | 0.39% | $8.66 | $8.90 | $18,510 | 2.9 % |
| 43-9071 | Office Machine Operators, Except Computer (3) | 90 | 0.10% | $12.06 | $13.17 | $27,400 | 6.5 % |
| 43-9081 | Proofreaders and Copy Markers (3) | 870 | 0.92% | $10.40 | $10.70 | $22,250 | 1.8 % |
| Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 49-0000 | Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations | (5) | (5) | $22.91 | $21.04 | $43,770 | 7.3 % |
| 49-1011 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers | (5) | (5) | $21.52 | $21.88 | $45,510 | 3.5 % |
| 49-2022 | Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers, Except Line Installers | (5) | (5) | $23.90 | $23.09 | $48,020 | 4.9 % |
| 49-9042 | Maintenance and Repair Workers, General (3) | 160 | 0.17% | $14.15 | $14.68 | $30,540 | 7.5 % |
| Production Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 51-0000 | Production Occupations | 10,580 | 11.20% | $11.64 | $13.14 | $27,320 | 3.2 % |
| 51-1011 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Production and Operating Workers | 960 | 1.02% | $17.12 | $18.90 | $39,320 | 4.4 % |
| 51-5011 | Bindery Workers | 1,510 | 1.60% | $9.43 | $10.09 | $20,980 | 4.2 % |
| 51-5012 | Bookbinders (3) | (5) | (5) | $11.83 | $13.09 | $27,220 | 2.9 % |
| 51-5021 | Job Printers (3) | 1,170 | 1.24% | $11.93 | $13.03 | $27,110 | 5.2 % |
| 51-5022 | Prepress Technicians and Workers | 2,790 | 2.95% | $11.95 | $13.22 | $27,500 | 6.0 % |
| 51-5023 | Printing Machine Operators (3) | 2,130 | 2.25% | $13.05 | $14.05 | $29,220 | 1.9 % |
| 51-9032 | Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders (3) | 30 | 0.03% | $11.27 | $11.98 | $24,910 | 5.4 % |
| 51-9061 | Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers (3) | 240 | 0.25% | $6.58 | $9.09 | $18,910 | 14.9 % |
| 51-9131 | Photographic Process Workers (3) | 140 | 0.15% | $14.19 | $17.36 | $36,110 | 17.3 % |
| 51-9132 | Photographic Processing Machine Operators (3) | 220 | 0.23% | $9.75 | $10.23 | $21,280 | 6.2 % |
| 51-9198 | Helpers—Production Workers | 250 | 0.26% | $9.18 | $9.44 | $19,630 | 10.5 % |
| Transportation and Material Moving Occupations top | |||||||
| Employment Estimates | Wage Estimates | ||||||
| SOC Code Number | Occupation Title | Employment | Percent of Total | Median Hourly | Mean Hourly | Mean Annual (1) | Mean RSE |
| 53-0000 | Transportation and Material Moving Occupations | 4,280 | 4.53% | $8.01 | $9.19 | $19,110 | 4.0 % |
| 53-1021 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand | 50 | 0.05% | $17.41 | $16.29 | $33,880 | 17.1 % |
| 53-1031 | First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Transportation and Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators | 50 | 0.05% | $17.23 | $17.31 | $36,010 | 7.5 % |
| 53-3031 | Driver/Sales Workers (3) | 730 | 0.77% | $6.51 | $7.43 | $15,450 | 3.6 % |
| 53-3032 | Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-Trailer | 30 | 0.03% | $15.02 | $16.51 | $34,350 | 13.4 % |
| 53-3033 | Truck Drivers, Light Or Delivery Services | 780 | 0.83% | $6.61 | $7.70 | $16,020 | 6.0 % |
| 53-7051 | Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators (3) | 40 | 0.04% | $11.40 | $11.98 | $24,910 | 3.6 % |
| 53-7062 | Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand | 480 | 0.51% | $6.54 | $8.83 | $18,370 | 18.5 % |
| 53-7063 | Machine Feeders and Offbearers (3) | 220 | 0.23% | $10.22 | $10.39 | $21,610 | 4.1 % |
| 53-7064 | Packers and Packagers, Hand (3) | 1,690 | 1.79% | $7.98 | $8.44 | $17,560 | 2.6 % |
About 1999 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
Estimates for residual, "All Other", occupations are not available.
(1) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(3) = Wage rates are calculated using three years of data: 1997, 1998, and 1999.
(5) = Estimates not released due to high relative standard error.
The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.
Industry-Specific occupational employment and wage estimates for other SIC groups:
SIC 27 - Printing, Publishing, and Allied Industries1999 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
Other OES estimates and related information:
1999 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (cross-industry estimates)
1999 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (cross-industry estimates)
1999 Metropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (cross-industry estimates)
List of Occupations in SOC Code Number Order
List of Occupations in Alphabetical Order
Last modified: October 16, 2001