U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics U.S. Bureau of Labor StatisticsConduct research dealing with the understanding of human diseases and the improvement of human health. Engage in clinical investigation, research and development, or other related activities. Includes physicians, dentists, public health specialists, pharmacologists, and medical pathologists who primarily conduct research. Practitioners who primarily provide medical or dental care or dispense drugs are included in "Health Diagnosing and Treating Practitioners" (29-1000).
Employment estimate and mean wage estimates for this occupation:
| Employment (1) | Employment RSE (3) |
Mean hourly wage |
Mean annual wage (2) |
Wage RSE (3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 93,560 | 3.2 % | $41.69 | $86,710 | 1.3 % |
Percentile wage estimates for this occupation:
| Percentile | 10% | 25% | 50% (Median) |
75% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hourly Wage | $19.98 | $25.89 | $36.87 | $50.73 | $68.65 |
| Annual Wage (2) | $41,560 | $53,860 | $76,700 | $105,530 | $142,800 |
Industries with the highest published employment and wages for this occupation are provided. For a list of all industries with employment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.
Industries with the highest levels of employment in this occupation:
| Industry | Employment (1) | Percent of industry employment | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scientific Research and Development Services | 34,350 | 5.60 | $44.58 | $92,720 |
| Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools | 18,790 | 0.66 | $29.89 | $62,180 |
| Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing | 11,990 | 4.25 | $48.99 | $101,900 |
| General Medical and Surgical Hospitals | 10,760 | 0.21 | $38.17 | $79,390 |
| Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers | 2,460 | 1.28 | $45.27 | $94,170 |
Industries with the highest concentration of employment in this occupation:
| Industry | Employment (1) | Percent of industry employment | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scientific Research and Development Services | 34,350 | 5.60 | $44.58 | $92,720 |
| Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing | 11,990 | 4.25 | $48.99 | $101,900 |
| Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers | 2,460 | 1.28 | $45.27 | $94,170 |
| Medical and Diagnostic Laboratories | 2,150 | 0.94 | $44.65 | $92,880 |
| Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools | 18,790 | 0.66 | $29.89 | $62,180 |
Top paying industries for this occupation:
| Industry | Employment (1) | Percent of industry employment | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing | 290 | 0.10 | $57.28 | $119,150 |
| Federal Executive Branch (OES Designation) | 1,100 | 0.05 | $55.19 | $114,800 |
| Specialized Design Services | (8) | (8) | $54.58 | $113,530 |
| Wholesale Electronic Markets and Agents and Brokers | 230 | 0.03 | $53.35 | $110,960 |
| Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services | 1,820 | 0.18 | $52.47 | $109,130 |
States and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients, and wages for this occupation are provided. For a list of all areas with employment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.
States with the highest employment level in this occupation:
| State | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California | 24,260 | 1.73 | 2.35 | $41.44 | $86,190 |
| Massachusetts | 8,180 | 2.62 | 3.57 | $43.86 | $91,230 |
| New York | 6,670 | 0.80 | 1.09 | $42.33 | $88,040 |
| Pennsylvania | 6,470 | 1.18 | 1.60 | $47.88 | $99,600 |
| North Carolina | 5,480 | 1.45 | 1.97 | $44.11 | $91,740 |
States with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in this occupation:
| State | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Massachusetts | 8,180 | 2.62 | 3.57 | $43.86 | $91,230 |
| California | 24,260 | 1.73 | 2.35 | $41.44 | $86,190 |
| Washington | 4,600 | 1.71 | 2.32 | $35.11 | $73,040 |
| North Carolina | 5,480 | 1.45 | 1.97 | $44.11 | $91,740 |
| Maryland | 3,040 | 1.23 | 1.68 | $50.44 | $104,920 |
Top paying States for this occupation:
| State | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maine | 100 | 0.18 | 0.25 | $55.51 | $115,470 |
| New Jersey | 4,180 | 1.11 | 1.51 | $55.48 | $115,390 |
| Illinois | (8) | (8) | (8) | $53.53 | $111,340 |
| Connecticut | 1,830 | 1.14 | 1.55 | $50.76 | $105,580 |
| West Virginia | 80 | 0.12 | 0.17 | $50.54 | $105,130 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest employment level in this occupation:
| Metropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA NECTA Division | 6,650 | 4.01 | 5.45 | $43.38 | $90,230 |
| Philadelphia, PA Metropolitan Division | 5,400 | 3.00 | 4.07 | $48.89 | $101,690 |
| San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA | 5,160 | 4.16 | 5.66 | $41.59 | $86,500 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA Metropolitan Division | 4,880 | 1.28 | 1.74 | $33.66 | $70,020 |
| Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA Metropolitan Division | 3,990 | 2.97 | 4.03 | $35.34 | $73,510 |
| San Francisco-San Mateo-Redwood City, CA Metropolitan Division | 3,670 | 3.87 | 5.26 | $42.85 | $89,130 |
| New York-White Plains-Wayne, NY-NJ Metropolitan Division | 3,180 | 0.64 | 0.87 | $45.18 | $93,980 |
| Durham, NC | 2,940 | 11.00 | 14.95 | $45.81 | $95,280 |
| Newark-Union, NJ-PA Metropolitan Division | 2,750 | 2.89 | 3.92 | $53.84 | $111,980 |
| Santa Ana-Anaheim-Irvine, CA Metropolitan Division | 2,300 | 1.67 | 2.27 | $38.93 | $80,970 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in this occupation:
| Metropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Durham, NC | 2,940 | 11.00 | 14.95 | $45.81 | $95,280 |
| Framingham, MA NECTA Division | 750 | 4.84 | 6.58 | $45.11 | $93,820 |
| Madison, WI | 1,400 | 4.34 | 5.90 | $25.39 | $52,800 |
| San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA | 5,160 | 4.16 | 5.66 | $41.59 | $86,500 |
| Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA NECTA Division | 6,650 | 4.01 | 5.45 | $43.38 | $90,230 |
| San Francisco-San Mateo-Redwood City, CA Metropolitan Division | 3,670 | 3.87 | 5.26 | $42.85 | $89,130 |
| Philadelphia, PA Metropolitan Division | 5,400 | 3.00 | 4.07 | $48.89 | $101,690 |
| Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA Metropolitan Division | 3,990 | 2.97 | 4.03 | $35.34 | $73,510 |
| Newark-Union, NJ-PA Metropolitan Division | 2,750 | 2.89 | 3.92 | $53.84 | $111,980 |
| New Haven, CT | 700 | 2.66 | 3.62 | $51.93 | $108,010 |
Top paying metropolitan areas for this occupation:
| Metropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL | 30 | 0.23 | 0.32 | $95.58 | $198,810 |
| Tallahassee, FL | 30 | 0.21 | 0.28 | $63.23 | $131,520 |
| Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ | (8) | (8) | (8) | $61.88 | $128,710 |
| Camden, NJ Metropolitan Division | (8) | (8) | (8) | $60.36 | $125,560 |
| Trenton-Ewing, NJ | 100 | 0.49 | 0.66 | $58.69 | $122,070 |
| Edison-New Brunswick, NJ Metropolitan Division | 980 | 1.02 | 1.38 | $58.25 | $121,160 |
| Lake County-Kenosha County, IL-WI Metropolitan Division | (8) | (8) | (8) | $57.07 | $118,700 |
| Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN | (8) | (8) | (8) | $56.65 | $117,820 |
| San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA | 2,090 | 2.44 | 3.32 | $56.54 | $117,600 |
| Richmond, VA | 140 | 0.24 | 0.33 | $56.53 | $117,580 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest employment in this occupation:
| Nonmetropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Western New Hampshire nonmetropolitan area | 350 | 5.72 | 7.77 | $26.55 | $55,220 |
| Balance of Lower Peninsula of Michigan nonmetropolitan area | 50 | 0.19 | 0.26 | $35.89 | $74,660 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in this occupation:
| Nonmetropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Western New Hampshire nonmetropolitan area | 350 | 5.72 | 7.77 | $26.55 | $55,220 |
| Balance of Lower Peninsula of Michigan nonmetropolitan area | 50 | 0.19 | 0.26 | $35.89 | $74,660 |
Top paying nonmetropolitan areas for this occupation:
| Nonmetropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eastern Oregon nonmetropolitan area | (8) | (8) | (8) | $67.47 | $140,340 |
| Central New York nonmetropolitan area | (8) | (8) | (8) | $45.76 | $95,170 |
| Balance of Lower Peninsula of Michigan nonmetropolitan area | 50 | 0.19 | 0.26 | $35.89 | $74,660 |
| Western New Hampshire nonmetropolitan area | 350 | 5.72 | 7.77 | $26.55 | $55,220 |
These estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all industry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states and the District of Columbia. The top employment and wage figures are provided above. The complete list is available in the downloadable XLS files.
The percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain percent of workers fall. The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate--50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers earn more than the median. More about percentile wages.
(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.
(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.
(8) Estimate not released.
(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.
Other OES estimates and related information:
May 2010 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2010 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2010 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2010 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
List of Occupations in SOC Code Number Order
List of Occupations in Alphabetical Order
Download May 2010 Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates in Zipped XLS files
Last Modified Date: May 17, 2011
